[Hac-announce] Fwd: A Summer Covid-19 Wave

Manny Sholem Ratafia manny at ratafias.com
Thu Jul 18 09:46:55 EDT 2024



This just came in from Katelyn Jetelina who I've found to be one of the 
best sources of practical advice on COVID. If you are over 65, don't 
miss the section on vaccination advice. --Manny

"...it has been said that democracy is the worst form of Government
except for all those other forms that have been tried from time to time..."
Winston S Churchill, November 11, 1947



-------- Forwarded Message --------
Subject: 	A Summer Covid-19 Wave
Date: 	Thu, 18 Jul 2024 13:12:20 +0000
From: 	Your Local Epidemiologist <yourlocalepidemiologist at substack.com>
Reply-To: 	Your Local Epidemiologist 
<reply+2fc3ag&a13t&&a5963235a6dfd7b6e1f59d43e70f2dda77c092790941031af17ecefa535215ae at mg1.substack.com> 

To: 	manny at ratafias.com



A Summer Covid-19 Wave
A brief update and your top questions answered
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­͏     ­͏     ­͏   ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­͏     ­

	
	

	
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------------------------------------------------------------------------


  A Summer Covid-19 Wave
  <https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=281219&post_id=146690728&utm_source=post-email-title&utm_campaign=email-post-title&isFreemail=true&r=a13t&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo0Njc5OTMsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE0NjY5MDcyOCwiaWF0IjoxNzIxMzA4MzY4LCJleHAiOjE3MjM5MDAzNjgsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0yODEyMTkiLCJzdWIiOiJwb3N0LXJlYWN0aW9uIn0.9HcbkkyCg3TcaJ4T-XYuCsX3bml90H1lezrshMpu5dY>


      A brief update and your top questions answered

Katelyn Jetelina <https://substack.com/@yourlocalepidemiologist>

Jul 18

	
<https://substack.com/@yourlocalepidemiologist>

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READ IN APP 
<https://open.substack.com/pub/yourlocalepidemiologist/p/a-summer-covid-19-wave?utm_source=email&redirect=app-store> 


I’m briefly coming out from hiding (a.k.a. summer break) to bring you a 
Covid-19 update. It seems like everyone has it right now (including the 
President). And I’m getting a ton of questions!

Let’s jump in.


        *We are in the middle of an infection wave.*

Covid-19 levels in wastewater—one of the best (only?) metrics of 
community spread these days—have reached the “high” category. This means 
that if you’re sick today, it’s likely Covid-19. This also means it’s 
time to get that indoor air moving and to wear a mask if you don’t want 
to get sick.


	<https://substack.com/redirect/34c8216e-15bb-4b70-a94e-4772a717e3e2?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo> 	

Data Source: CDC 
<https://substack.com/redirect/910f61b6-7c31-47e4-ba76-c7f546a72550?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>; 
Annotated by YLE

The West is leading the way with infections, and levels are higher than 
last summer’s peak. It’s hard to tell if the West is peaking. While 
Hawaii has already peaked after its huge infection wave, California and 
Oregon continue to increase considerably.

Other regions are following suit. In fact, 26 states have “high” or 
“very high” levels of Covid-19. (Enter your state here 
<https://substack.com/redirect/095090d4-4da3-4135-ae39-c55b2c1cf183?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>to 
see local levels.)


	<https://substack.com/redirect/794c0194-a73c-4536-8344-8fc07218cbb5?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo> 	

Covid-19 levels across states. Source: CDC

Severe disease is also increasing, but starting at low levels. Thanks to 
population immunity building, rates are not as high as last summer’s 
peak (or the summer before). (Note for those data gurus: The figure 
below is among a subset of hospitals that have consistently reported 
data over time. In other words, the lower hospitalization rate isn’t due 
to a change in reporting behaviors.)


	<https://substack.com/redirect/e5a81996-5975-4486-b30d-8c07fdba8391?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo> 	

Source: CDC; Annotated by YLE

In the UK, which always seems slightly ahead of the U.S. in waves, 
hospitalizations have 
<https://substack.com/redirect/190a9a76-a7ae-4382-95cf-8bbdd4f3e750?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>peaked 
and remained lower than in Winter.


	Image 
<https://substack.com/redirect/4c15a2bc-2cee-460c-82ac-c10cb4458364?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo> 
	


        *We’ve had a wave each summer. Why? *

This is due to the combination of three things:

 1.

    /*Behavior change*/. People move inside due to the heat, and most
    spread happens indoors.

 2.

    /*Covid-19 keeps mutating quickly—about twice as much as flu. */The
    latest variant, KP.3, specifically its descendant KP.3.1.1, is a
    little booger because it /dropped/a mutation on the spike protein,
    which seems to be effective in getting past our first immunity wall
    (called neutralizing antibodies.)

 3.

    /*Waning immunity. */~20-30% of the U.S. population was infected
    with Covid-19 this past winter, which means the virus has plenty of
    pathways to find due to low immunity. Among states with
    /mild/Covid-19 winters, like Hawaii and Oregon, summer waves are
    /very high/.


	<https://substack.com/redirect/8dc7983d-affa-444d-a1ed-335742aed89f?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo> 	

Source: CDC 
<https://substack.com/redirect/095090d4-4da3-4135-ae39-c55b2c1cf183?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>; 
Annotated by YLE

I /am/surprised by how early this summer wave is (typically, we see it 
later in the summer) and how high infections are getting. I hoped we 
would see smaller and smaller summer infection waves each year. Alas, 
Covid-19 has different plans.


        *Should older people get the vaccine now or wait for fall? *

We are seeing uncomfortable mortality rates among medically vulnerable 
people, like older adults in nursing homes, who are more than 6 months 
out from their last vaccine. For older adults who didn’t get their 
vaccine this spring, I suggest getting a vaccine now. But do it soon, as 
we want at /least/four months between this and the upcoming fall dose, 
so that it works best. Last year, the winter Covid-19 wave started in 
November.


        *How do I read the latest CDC guidance? *

This is the first wave since the updated CDC Covid-19 guidance 
<https://substack.com/redirect/bfe30916-97cf-4bad-92b6-8df41cbed7a7?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>. 
As a reminder, if you get infected, CDC recommends approaching isolation 
in two phases:

  *

    /*Phase 1: Stay home when sick */until your fever resolves for 24
    hours or your symptoms improve. But many people remain contagious
    beyond this timeframe, though, so…

  *

    /*Phase 2: Use caution*/**for five days by taking additional
    precautions (e.g., wear a mask; or test before seeing grandma at the
    nursing home).

/But what is the best approach?/Isolate until your at-home Covid-19 test 
turns negative, which could be anywhere between 3 and 15 days. Once it 
turns negative, you can be confident you’re no longer infectious. 
Unfortunately, many people cannot afford tests or to miss work for this 
long. If you leave isolation beforehand, please wear an N95.


	<https://substack.com/redirect/b86d8680-11ae-493f-a15d-a92826ef4811?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo> 	

Figure Source: Nature; Annotated by YLE


        *Is anything new happening with Paxlovid?*

Evidence shows that Paxlovid works for a small subgroup of people: 
medically vulnerable over 65 years and those who are not up-to-date on 
Covid-19 vaccines.

Unfortunately, Paxlovid is not as effective as we had hoped for everyone 
else. Evidence suggests that it doesn’t protect 
<https://substack.com/redirect/dabd449c-48f0-4ac2-a94e-cfc53dcc6bd4?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>against 
long Covid, and it doesn’t decrease the number of days 
<https://substack.com/redirect/0c55e300-c245-4388-a314-eb84f063f632?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>you’re 
sick (if you’re up-to-date on vaccines).


        *What about airplanes? *

A lot of people are traveling this summer. Remember that the virus likes 
crowded, indoor areas with poor circulation, like airport terminals and 
planes before takeoff. Longer flights also pose more risk—for every 
1-hour increase 
<https://substack.com/redirect/99a4909e-7c8b-4f11-b146-71c1c4c595fa?j=eyJ1IjoiYTEzdCJ9.fXnNfjqEHuJb90uhUC5MuKSqDSSONTVxMYyEVAne1uo>in 
flight duration, there is an additional 53% risk of infection.


        *Bottom line*

Covid-19 continues to do its thing. We are in the middle of an infection 
wave, and hopefully, it won’t find you, so you can continue to enjoy 
your summer. Given these news cycles, we could all certainly use a break.

Love, YLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------

/“Your Local Epidemiologist (YLE)” is written by Dr. Katelyn Jetelina, 
MPH PhD—an epidemiologist, wife, and mom of two little girls. During the 
day, she is a senior scientific consultant to a number of organizations, 
including CDC. At night, she writes this newsletter. Her main goal is to 
“translate” the ever-evolving public health science so that people will 
be well-equipped to make evidence-based decisions. This newsletter is 
free, thanks to the generous support of fellow YLE community members. To 
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